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  <div class="section" id="terminologies">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>术语<a class="headerlink" href="#terminologies" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<table class="colwidths-given docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 64%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>术语</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>对应中文</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>说明</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>JSON-LD</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://json-ld.org/">JSON-LD官网</a> 和 <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON-LD">JSON-LD Wiki</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Authorization</p></td>
<td><p>授权</p></td>
<td><p>详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6556522/authentication-versus-authorization">Authorization vs Authentication</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Authentication</p></td>
<td><p>身份验证</p></td>
<td><p>详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6556522/authentication-versus-authorization">Authorization vs Authentication</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Public Key</p></td>
<td><p>公钥</p></td>
<td><p>详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography">Public Key Wiki定义</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Private Key</p></td>
<td><p>私钥</p></td>
<td><p>详见（内容描述中包含Private Key）：<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography">Public Key Wiki定义</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Signature</p></td>
<td><p>数字签名</p></td>
<td><p>详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature">Digital Signature Wiki定义</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>DID</p></td>
<td><p>分布式身份标识</p></td>
<td><p>W3C的DID规范定义的去中心化ID。详见：<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/w3c/did-spec-registries/">W3C DID规范</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>WeIdentity DID</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>分布式身份标识，WeIdentity的分布式多中心的ID注册机制下生成的实体的ID。符合W3C DID规范</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>WeIdentity Document</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>描述如何使用DID，至少包含了3个字段：披露的公钥列表；Authentication描述如何Authenticate；Service Endpoint</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Claim</p></td>
<td><p>声明</p></td>
<td><p>对实体的一个声明或者主张，用于装载凭证（Credential）业务数据的字段，例如电子驾照的各项信息就是存在一个Claim结构中</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>WeIdentity Credential</p></td>
<td><p>可验证数字凭证</p></td>
<td><p>简称“凭证”，遵循W3C Verifiable Credential规范的电子凭证，可用来抽象现实世界凭证类的对象，一个Credential可以包含一个或者多个Claim。例如电子驾照，电子学历等</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Verifiable Credential</p></td>
<td><p>同上</p></td>
<td><p>同上</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Credential</p></td>
<td><p>同上</p></td>
<td><p>同上</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Notification</p></td>
<td><p>通知</p></td>
<td><p>WeIdentity体系实现的通知机制</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>CPT</p></td>
<td><p>凭证的声明类型</p></td>
<td><p>Claim Protocol Type,不同的Issuer按业务场景需要，各自定义不同类型数据结构的Claim，各种各样的Claim用不同的CPT来定义</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>chain-id</p></td>
<td><p>网络id</p></td>
<td><p>用于路由到不同的网络</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Service Endpoint</p></td>
<td><p>服务端点</p></td>
<td><p>Entity暴露的服务的地址，例如暴露自己的Credential托管的服务地址，暴露自己的文件存储服务地址</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>publish</p></td>
<td><p>发布</p></td>
<td><p>一个Issuer（包括Authority Issuer）发行一种新的CPT，这个动作称为publish</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>issue</p></td>
<td><p>发行</p></td>
<td><p>一个Issuer（包括Authority Issuer）按照某种CPT定义的格式，发行Credential，这个动作叫issue</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>payload</p></td>
<td><p>有效载荷</p></td>
<td><p>Notification机制里，用以描述业务相关信息的字段</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Trusted Data</p></td>
<td><p>可信数据</p></td>
<td><p>由权威机构发行的与实体关联的数据，通过摘要算法与签名算法，在保证数据隐私前提下，实现数据不可篡改与可验证</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Issuer</p></td>
<td><p>凭证发行者</p></td>
<td><p>任意拥有WeIdentity DID的Entity都可以作为Issuer来发行Credential</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Authority Issuer</p></td>
<td><p>权威凭证发行者</p></td>
<td><p>例如对Claim进行认证的权威机构或者可信机构，例如下发驾照的交通事务局</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Entity</p></td>
<td><p>实体</p></td>
<td><p>WeIdentity Document或Credential描述的实体，即拥有WeIdentity DID的人或者物</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Verifier</p></td>
<td><p>凭证验证者</p></td>
<td><p>使用凭证的第三方，会验证这个凭证是否经过权威机构认证，例如劳工局办理业务时需要用户提供驾照，这时劳工局就是Verifier</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Data Repository</p></td>
<td><p>数据托管机构</p></td>
<td><p>数据的托管机构，例如用户把Credential托管在某个用户身份管理APP里面</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>User Agent</p></td>
<td><p>用户代理</p></td>
<td><p>用户私钥托管机构，例如某个用户身份管理APP。依据业务场景需求，可以是云端保存机制的，也可以是客服端本地保存机制的</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Publisher</p></td>
<td><p>CPT发布者</p></td>
<td><p>发布一个新的CPT的角色，被称为Publisher</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Committee Member</p></td>
<td><p>委员会机构成员</p></td>
<td><p>管理Authority Issuer的委员会机构的成员</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Specific Issuer</p></td>
<td><p>特定类型的发行者</p></td>
<td><p>指定了特定类型的发行者，如学校、政府机构等，与Authority Issuer相互不矛盾</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Verifiable Presentation</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>遵循W3C Verifiable Presentation规范的凭证打包集。一个Presentation可以包括一个或多个Credential。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Policy</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>机构指定的Verifiable Presentation验证策略，例如：至少包括哪些Credential；每个Credential的Claim中属性项对应要求等</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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